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Universities

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The term university encompasses a whole body of teachers, students, colleges, buildings, etc. and has the power to grant degrees or awards usually for higher education like bachelor, master's or doctorates. The word has Latin origin meaning ‘a whole'.

One of the oldest universities is Nalanda University in India which existed around 5 th century B.C. but Plato's Academy, University of Constantinople , University of Shangyang Al-Azhar University etc. are also very old. Universities are usually established by an act of parliament or a royal charter and have different departments for different disciplines. The head of a University is called Chancellor or Rector and is assisted by a Vice Chancellor and an Academic Council in formulating guidelines or taking policy decisions in running the University, formulating curriculum etc.

A University may have many colleges affiliated to it, the affiliation being granted after a close scrutiny of facilities offered, quality of teaching faculty etc. Overall monitoring of conduct of examinations usually falls under the purview of a University. A Registrar is the person who takes care of the administrative aspects of a University like student admissions, conduct of examination etc. The finance for establishing a University comes largely from the state but many universities also depend on donors, many of whom are from the alumni of the University and also fees paid by the students. Other than classrooms, Universities also consist of laboratories, libraries, restaurants, hospitals, auditorium, play ground, hostels, computer centers etc. for the benefit of students and the teaching faculty.